X = Primer Numero
X + 1 = Numero consecutivo
X(X + 1) = (X² + X) = Producto de los dos numeros
5[X + (X + 1)] = 5[X + X + 1] = 5[2X + 1] = 10X + 5
10X + 5 = > Quintuple de la suma de los dos numeros
X² + X - 31 = 10X + 5
X² + X - 31 - 10X - 5 = 0
X² - 9X - 36 = 0
Donde : a = 1 ; b = - 9 ; c = - 36
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%3D%5Cfrac%7B-b%5Cpm%20%5Csqrt%7Bb%5E2-4ac%7D%7D%7B2a%7D" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%3D%5Cfrac%7B-%28-9%29%5Cpm%20%5Csqrt%7B%28-9%29%5E2-4%281%29%28-36%29%7D%7D%7B2%281%29%7D" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%3D%5Cfrac%7B9%5Cpm%20%5Csqrt%7B81%2B144%7D%7D%7B2%7D" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%3D%5Cfrac%7B9%5Cpm%20%5Csqrt%7B225%7D%7D%7B2%7D" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=X%3D%5Cfrac%7B9%5Cpm%20%5C%2015%7D%7B2%7D" />
X1 = [9 + 15] / 2 = 24 / 2 = 12
X1 = 12
X2 = [9 - 15] / 2 = - 6 / 2 = - 3
Tomo X = 12
El numero es 12 y su consecutivo 12 + 1 = 13
Probemos
(12x13) = 156
156 - 31 = 125
5(12 + 13) = 5(25) = 125
125 = 125
Rta : El numero es 12.