Usamos el pasado simple para acciones completas en el pasado, es decir, inició y terminó en el pasado.
Oraciones afirmativas con simple past.
1 - I liked the movie last night.
2 - He pronounced the words well.
3 - You noticed Julia's new dress.
Oraciones negativas con el simple past.
1 - I didn´t like the movie last week.
2 - Gabriel didn´t listen to me.
3 - They didn´t drive to Mexico.
Interrogativas con simple past.
1 - Did he go to the market yesterday?
2 - Did Anna write him a letter?
3 - Did it rain all night?
El presente perfecto se usa para hablar de acciones que han ocurrido en periodos de tiempo que aún no han terminado o de cosas que tienen una relevancia en el momento actual.
Vamos a ver cómo se forma.
Afirmativas
I have seen a good movie this week.
We have had ham for dinner tonight.
She has listened to a great song this afternoon.
Interrogativas
Have you bought the newspaper?
Has he brought your homework?
Have they thought about it?
Negativa
I haven’t gone to bed.
You haven’t heard the good news.
He hasn’t understood the concept.